11 – Other help

11.1 – Standardized titles—Subject headings

Standardized titles – Subject headings

This section expands on the guidelines for Standardized title (240) in cataloging situations where genres are used as standardized titles. In many cases, the Standardized title and the Subject heading (650) will be identical, such as with Symphonies. In other cases, however, a corresponding, rather than identical, subject heading is used.

A variant subject heading is used in the following situations:

• If the same subject heading can be used in both vocal and instrumental genres, an abbreviation in parentheses is added after the genre: (voc.) or (inst.), respectively.
• Specifications such as (dances) or (stage) may also be added in parentheses after the main term.

Below are lists of standardized titles and their corresponding subject headings. The lists are not comprehensive. The standardized titles and subject headings should be entered in the form given here (usually in English and in the plural) and not in translation. Note the special situations at the end.

Contents:

• General instrumental and vocal music
• Sacred vocal music
• Music for the stage, theater, etc.
• Exercises, studies, schools, lessons
• Dances

General instrumental and vocal music

Standardized title — Corresponding subject heading

• Airs — Airs (dances)
• Airs — Airs (inst.)
• Airs — Airs (voc.)
• Arias — Arias (voc.)
• Ballades — Ballades (forme fixe)
• Ballades — Ballades (inst.)
• Ballads — Ballads (voc.)
• Ballettos — Ballettos (voc.)
• Barcarolles — Barcarolles (inst.)
• Barcarolles — Barcarolles (voc.)
• Battle music — Battle music (inst.)
• Battle music — Battle music (voc.)
• Bergerettes — Bergerettes (voc.)
• Brass music — Brass music
• Canons — Canons (inst.)
• Canons — Canons (voc.)
• Canzonas — Canzonas (inst.)
• Canzoni — Canzoni (voc.)
• Capriccios — Capriccios (inst.)
• Capriccios — Capriccios (voc.)
• Duets — Duets (inst.)
• Duets — Duets (voc.)
• Etudes — Etudes (inst.)
• Fugues — Fugues (inst.)
• Fugues — Fugues (voc.)
• In Nomine — In Nomine (inst.)
• Instrumental pieces — Instrumental pieces
• Interludes — Interludes
• Intermezzos — Intermezzos (inst.)
• Intonazione — Intonazione (inst.)
• Nocturnes — Nocturnes (inst.)
• Notturni — Notturni (voc.)
• Pastorales — Pastorales (inst.)
• Pastorales — Pastorales (voc.)
• Preludes and Fugues — enter two subject headings: Preludes Fugues
• Quartets — Quartets (inst.)
• Quartets — Quartets (voc.)
• Rhapsodies — Rhapsodies (inst.)
• Rhapsodies — Rhapsodies (voc.)
• Ricercares — Ricercares (inst.)
• Ricercares — Ricercares (voc.)
• Romances — Romances (inst.)
• Romances — Romances (voc.)
• Rondeaux — Rondeaux (forme fixe)
• Rondos — Rondos (inst.)
• Rondos — Rondos (voc.)
• Rounds — Rounds (voc.)
• Scherzi — Scherzi (voc.)
• Scherzos — Scherzos (inst.)
• Sonatas — use Sonatas or Triosonatas
• Trios — Trios (inst.)
• Versets — Versets (inst.)
• Virelais — Virelais (forme fixe)
• Terzets — Terzets (voc.)

Sacred vocal music

Standardized title — Corresponding subject heading

• Completoria — Hours of the Office
• Horae minores — Hours of the Office
• Intonations — Intonations (voc.)
• Laudes — Hours of the Office
• Matutina — Hours of the Office

Music for the stage, theater, etc.

For genres of individual numbers or parts, consult the section on vocal and instrumental music.
Standardized title — Corresponding subject heading

• Intermezzos — Intermezzos (stage)
• Meditationes — Meditationes (Jesuit theatre)
• Prologues — Prologues (stage)

Exercises, studies, schools, lessons

Standardized title — Corresponding subject heading

• Arpeggios — Arpeggios (inst.)
• Cadences — Cadences (inst.) or Cadenzas (inst.)
• Cadenzas — Cadenzas (voc.)
• Exercises — Exercises (inst.)
• Exercises — Exercises (voc.)
• Solfeggios — Solfeggios (inst.)
• Solfeggios — Solfeggios (voc.)
• Tutors — Tutors (inst.)
• Tutors — Tutors (voc.)

Dances

Standardized title — Subject heading

• Airs — Airs (dances)
• Rounds — Rounds (dances)

Special situations

1. A chorale arrangement where the text incipit is known:
   You don’t need this list! Use the text incipit as the standardized title and select Arrangement. Enter the subject heading Chorale arrangements.

2. A chorale arrangement where the text incipit is unknown:
   Use Chorale arrangements as both the standardized title and subject heading.

3. A potpourri where you know that the music comes from a single opera:
   You don’t need this list! Use the name of the opera as the standardized title and select Excerpts and Arrangement. Enter the subject headings Potpourris and Operas (or Operettas, etc. as appropriate).

4. A potpourri where you know that the music comes from several operas:
   Use Potpourri as the standardized title. Enter the names of the operas in the field Additional title (730). For the subject heading, enter Potpourris and Operas (or Operettas, etc. as appropriate).

5. A potpourri where you do not know what operas the music is from:
   Use Potpourris as both the standardized title and subject heading.

6. A wind arrangement of music from a stage work where the name of the stage work is known:
   Use the name of the stage work as the standardized title and select Arrangement. Enter the subject heading Wind music.

7. A wind arrangement of music from a stage work where the name of the stage work is unknown:
   Use Wind music as both the standardized title and subject heading.

8. For sketches of unknown compositions, use the distinctive title plus the subject heading Sketches. For sketches of known compositions, use the distinctive title of the work and Sketches as second subject heading.

9. In cases of complete uncertainty, such as unknown scoring, enter Pieces as the standardized title and Pieces as the subject heading.

11.2 – Standard texts of sacred works

Standardized texts of sacred works

The following list of standard texts of sacred works provide an overview of the Latin texts most frequently used in sacred music. The list is ordered by genre. Within a genre, all incipits of all sections are listed.

• Mass
• Requiem (Missa pro defunctis)
• Litaniae Lauretanae
• Responsorium
• Vesperae
• Magnificat
• Miserere
• Stabat Mater
• Te Deum

Mass

• Kyrie, eleison Christe eleison Kyrie eleison
• Christe eleison

• Kyrie eleison

• Gloria, in excelsis Deo et in terra pax
• Et in terra pax, hominibus bonae voluntatis
• Laudamus te, benedicimus te
• Adoramus te, glorificamus te
• Gratias agimus, tibi propter magnam gloriam tuam
• Domine Deus rex caelestis
• Domine fili, unigenite Jesu Christe
• Qui tollis, peccata mundi miserere nobis
• Qui tollis peccata mundi suscipe
• Suscipe deprecationem nostram
• Qui sedes, ad dexteram patris
• Miserere nobis
• Quoniam, tu solus sanctus
• Tu solus Dominus
• Tu solus altissimus, Jesu Christe
• Cum sancto spiritu, in gloria Dei patris

• In gloria Dei patris

• Credo, in unum Deum patrem omnipotentem
• In unum Deum, patrem omnipotentem
• Patrem omnipotentem, factorem caeli et terrae
• Et in unum Dominum
• Et ex patre natum, ante omnia
• Deum de Deo, lumen de lumine
• Qui propter, nos homines
• Descendit de caelis
• Et incarnatus est
• Et homo factus est
• Crucifixus, etiam pro nobis
• Et resurrexit tertia die
• Et iterum venturus est
• Judicare vivos et mortuos
• Cujus regni, non erit finis
• Et in spiritum, sanctum Dominum
• Et unam sanctam, catholicam
• Confiteor unum baptisma, in remissionem peccatorum
• Et expecto resurrectionem mortuorum

• Et vitam venturi saeculi, amen

• Sanctus, Dominus Deus Sabaoth
• Pleni sunt caeli, et terra gloria tua

• Hosanna in excelsis

• Benedictus, qui venit in nomine Domini hosanna in excelsis

• Hosanna in excelsis

• Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi miserere nobis
• Miserere nobis
• Dona nobis pacem

Requiem (Missa pro defunctis)

• Requiem, aeternam dona eis Domine
• Aeternam dona eis
• Absolve Domine, animas omnium fidelium defunctorum
• Dies irae, dies illa solvet saeclum in favilla
• Quantus tremor est futurus
• Tuba mirum, spargens sonum per sepulcra
• Mors stupebit et natura, cum resurget creatura
• Liber scriptus proferetur
• Judex ergo cum sedebit
• Quid sum miser tunc dicturus
• Rex tremendae majestatis, qui salvandos salvas gratis
• Recordare Jesu pie
• Quaerens me sedisti lassus, redemisti crucem passus
• Juste judex ultionis
• Ingemisco tamquam reus
• Qui Mariam absolvisti, et latronem exaudisti
• Preces meae non sunt dignae, sed tu bonus fac benigne
• Inter oves locum praesta
• Confutatis maledictis
• Oro supplex et acclinis
• Lacrimosa dies illa, qua resurget ex favilla
• Huic ergo parce Deus
• Pie Jesu Domine, dona eis requiem
• Dona eis requiem
• Domine Jesu Christe, rex gloriae
• Libera me, Domine de morte aeterna
• Sanctus, Dominus Deus Sabaoth
• Benedictus, qui venit in nomine Domini hosanna in excelsis
• Agnus Dei qui tollis peccata mundi dona eis requiem
• Lux aeterna, luceat eis
• Cum sanctis tuis, in aeternum

Litaniae Lauretanae

• Kyrie eleison Christe eleison Kyrie eleison Christe audi nos
• Pater de caelis Deus, miserere nobis
• Fili redemptor mundi Deus, miserere nobis
• Spiritus sancte Deus, miserere nobis
• Sancta trinitas, unus Deus
• Sancta Maria, ora pro nobis
• Sancta Dei genitrix
• Sancta virgo virginum
• Mater Christi
• Mater purissima, ora pro nobis
• Mater inviolata
• Mater amabilis
• Virgo, prudentissima ora pro nobis
• Virgo veneranda
• Virgo praedicanda, ora pro nobis
• Virgo potens
• Virgo fidelis
• Speculum iustitiae
• Causa nostrae laetitiae
• Vas spirituale
• Rosa mystica
• Turris Davidica
• Stella matutina
• Salus infirmorum
• Regina angelorum ora pro nobis
• Regina sanctorum
• Agnus Dei qui tollis peccata mundi parce nobis Domine
• Christe audi nos

Variation of Litaniae de Nomine Jesu:

• Kyrie eleison Christe eleison Kyrie eleison Jesu audi nos
• Agnus Dei qui tollis peccata mundi parce nobis Jesu

Responsorium

Feria V. in coena Domini

1. Nocturno:
   • In monte Oliveti, oravit ad patrem
   • Tristis est anima mea, usque ad mortem
   • Ecce vidimus eum, non habentem speciem
2. Nocturno:
   • Amicus meus, osculi me tradidit signo
   • Judas mercator
   • Unus ex discipulis, meis tradet me hodie
3. Nocturno:
   • Eram quasi agnus innocens, ductus sum ad immolandum
   • Una hora, non potuistis vigilare mecum
   • Seniores populi, consilium fecerunt

Feria VI. in parasceve

1. Nocturno:
   • Omnes amici mei, dereliquerunt me
   • Velum templi, scissum est
   • Vinea mea electa, ego te plantavi
2. Nocturno:
   • Tamquam ad latronem, existis cum gladiis
   • Tenebrae factae sunt, dum crucifixissent Jesum
   • Animam meam, dilectam tradidi in manus
3. Nocturno:
   • Tradiderunt me, in manus impiorum
   • Jesum tradidit, impius summis principibus
   • Caligaverunt, oculi mei

Sabbato sancto:

1. Nocturno:
   • Sicut ovis, ad occisionem ductus est
   • Jerusalem surge, et exue te vestibus jucunditatis
   • Plange quasi virgo, plebs mea ululate
2. Nocturno:
   • Recessit pastor noster, fons aquae vivae
   • O vos omnes, qui transitis per viam
   • Ecce quomodo moritur justus, et nemo percipit corde
3. Nocturno: Astiterunt reges terrae, et principes convenerunt Aestimatus sum, cum descendentibus Sepulto Domino, signatum est monumentum

Vesperae

• Dixit Dominus, Domino meo sede a dextris meis
• Confitebor, tibi Domine in toto corde meo in consilio justorum et congregatione
• Beatus vir, qui timet Dominum
• Laudate pueri, Dominum laudate nomen Domini
• Laudate Dominum, omnes gentes laudate eum omnes populi
• In exitu Israel, de Aegypto domus Jacob
• Credidi, propter quod locutus sum
• Laetatus sum, in his quae dicta sunt mihi
• In convertendo, Dominus captivitatem Sion
• Nisi Dominus, aedificaverit domum
• Beati omnes, qui timent Dominum
• Memento Domine David, et omnis mansuetudinis ejus
• Domine probasti me, et cognovisti me
• Benedictus Dominus Deus meus, qui docet manus meas ad proelium
• Deus canticum novum, cantabo tibi
• Exaltabo te Deus, meus rex et benedicam nomini tuo
• Miserator et misericors
• Fidelis Dominus, in omnibus verbis suis
• Lauda Jerusalem, Dominum lauda Deum tuum Sion
• Magnificat, anima mea Dominum

Magnificat

• Magnificat, anima mea Dominum
• Anima mea Dominum
• Et exsultavit, spiritus meus in Deo salutari meo
• Quia respexit humilitatem, ancillae suae
• Quia fecit, mihi magna qui potens est
• Et misericordia ejus, a progenie in progenies
• Fecit potentiam, in brachio suo
• Deposuit potentes, de sede et exaltavit humiles
• Esurientes implevit, bonis
• Suscepit Israel, puerum suum
• Sicut locutus est, ad patres nostros
• Gloria patri, et filio et spiritui sancto
• Sicut erat, in principio et nunc et semper

Miserere

• Miserere, mei Deus secundum magnam misericordiam tuam
• Secundum magnam misericordiam tuam
• Amplius lava me, ab iniquitate mea
• Quoniam iniquitatem meam, ego cognosco
• Tibi soli peccavi, et malum coram te feci
• Ecce enim in iniquitatibus
• Ecce enim veritatem dilexisti
• Asperges me hyssopo et mundabor lavabis me
• Auditui meo, dabis gaudium et laetitiam
• Et exsultabunt, ossa humiliata
• Averte faciem tuam, a peccatis meis
• Cor mundum crea in me, Deus
• Ne projicias me, a facie tua
• Redde mihi laetitiam, salutaris tui
• Docebo iniquos vias tuas, et impii
• Libera me de sanguinibus, Deus
• Et exsultabit, lingua mea
• Domine labia mea aperies, et os meum
• Quoniam si voluisses sacrificium, dedissem utique
• Sacrificium Deo, spiritus contribulatus
• Benigne fac Domine
• Tunc acceptabis, sacrificium justitiae
• Tunc imponent, super altare tuum vitulos

Stabat Mater

• Stabat mater, dolorosa juxta crucem lacrimosa
• Cujus animam gementem
• O quam tristis et afflicta
• Quae maerebat et dolebat
• Quis est homo qui non fleret
• Quis non posset contristari
• Pro peccatis suae gentis, vidit Jesum in tormentis
• Vidit suum dulcem natum
• Eia mater fons amoris
• Fac ut ardeat cor meum
• Sancta mater istud agas, crucifixi fige plagas
• Tui nati vulnerati
• Fac me tecum pie flere
• Juxta crucem tecum, stare
• Virgo virginum praeclara, mihi jam non sis amara
• Fac ut portem Christi mortem
• Fac me plagis vulnerari, fac me cruce inebriari
• Flammis ne urar succensus
• Christe cum sit hinc exire
• Quando corpus morietur
• Fac ut animae donetur
• Paradisi gloria
• Inflammatus et accensus
• Amen

Te Deum

• Te Deum, laudamus te Dominum confitemur
• Te Deum
• Te Deum laudamus
• Te Dominum confitemur
• Te aeternum patrem, omnis terra veneratur
• Tibi cherubim, et seraphim
• Sanctus Dominus Deus Sabaoth, pleni sunt caeli et terra maiestatis gloriae tuae
• Pleni sunt caeli et terra majestatis gloriae tuae
• Pleni sunt caeli et terra
• Te gloriosus apostolorum chorus, te prophetarum laudabilis numerus
• Te martyrum candidatus, laudat exercitus
• Te per orbem, terrarum
• Patrem immensae majestatis, venerandum tuum verum
• Venerandum, tuum verum
• Sanctum quoque, paraclitum spiritum
• Tu rex gloriae, Christe
• Tu ad liberandum, suscepturus hominem
• Tu devicto, mortis aculeo
• Tu ad dexteram, Dei sedes
• Judex crederis esse venturus
• Te ergo quaesumus, tuis famulis subveni
• Aeterna fac, cum sanctis tuis
• Salvum fac populum tuum Domine, et benedic
• Et rege eos, et extolle illos
• Per singulos dies, benedicimus te
• Et laudamus nomen tuum
• Dignare Domine, die isto
• Miserere nostri Domine, miserere nostri fiat misericordia
• Fiat misericordia tua, Domine super nos
• Quemadmodum speravimus in te
• In te Domine speravi, non confundar in aeternum

11.3 – Figured bass in scores and/or other parts

Figured bass in scores and/or other parts

This section offers guidance on which fields should be filled out if you have a figured bass in your score or parts, depending on the instrument.

Figured bass, part

The following fields must be filled out as follows if you have a figured bass part:

Instrument: b

• Scoring summary (240 $m): b
• Parts held (590): b.fig
• Scoring (594): b

Instrument: bc

• Scoring summary (240 $m): bc
• Parts held (590): bc.fig
• Scoring (594): bc

Instrument: org

• Scoring summary (240 $m): org
• Parts held (590): org.fig
• Scoring (594): org

For other keyboard instruments, follow the model as for org.

Figured bass, score

The following fields must be filled out as follows if you have a figured bass score:

Instrument: b

• Scoring summary (240 $m): b
• Parts held (590): b
• Scoring (594): b = b.fig

Instrument: bc

• Scoring summary (240 $m): bc
• Parts held (590): bc
• Scoring (594): bc = bc.fig

Instrument: org

• Scoring summary (240 $m): org
• Parts held (590): org
• Scoring (594): org = org.fig

For other keyboard instruments, follow the model as for org.

11.4 – Help for transposing instruments

Help for transposing instruments

This table lists transposing instruments and their sounding and notated pitches.

Tuning (highest to lowest)	Instruments	Transposition with respect to a) notation b) sounding pitch	A sounding c’ is notated as	A notated c’ sounds as
in C (high)	piccolo, glockenspiel, celesta	a) sounds a perfect octave higher b) notated a perfect octave lower	c	c’’
in E-flat (high)	E-flat clarinet (soprano, sopranino, piccolo)	a) sounds a minor third higher b) notated a minor third lower	a	e-flat’
in D (high)	trumpet in D	a) sounds a major second higher b) notated a major second lower	b-flat	d’
in C	all non-transposing instruments (violin, piano, flute, trombone, etc.)	a) sounds as notated b) notated as sounds	c’	c’
in B-flat	trumpet, flugelhorn, clarinet, soprano saxophone	a) sounds a major second lower b) notated a major second higher	d’	b-flat
in A	clarinet in A	a) sounds a minor third lower b) notated a minor third higher	e-flat’	a
in G	alto flute	a) sounds a perfect fourth lower b) notated a perfect fourth higher	f’	g
in F	French horn (horn), English horn (cor anglais)	a) sounds a perfect fifth lower b) notated a perfect fifth higher	g’	f
in E-flat	alto saxophone, French horn, alto horn (tenor horn), E-flat trumpet	a) sounds a major sixth lower b) notated a major sixth higher	a’	e-flat
in C (low)	guitar, lute, bass guitar, double bass, contrabassoon (double bassoon)	a) sounds a perfect octave lower b) notated a perfect octave higher	c’’	c
in B-flat (low)	baritone, tenor saxophone, bass clarinet, bass trumpet	a) sounds a major ninth lower b) notated a major ninth higher	d’’	b-flat,
in E-flat (low)	baritone saxophone	a) sounds one octave and a major sixth lower b) notated one octave and a major sixth higher	a’’	e-flat,

11.5 – Opera houses and concert halls

Opera houses and concert halls

Alessandria (Italia/Italy)

• Teatro Civico
• Teatro Comunale
• Teatro Lirico

Amsterdam

• Blankenburg
• Hoogduitse Schouwburg
• Kleine Komedie
• Schouwburg Keizersgracht
• Stadsschouwburg
• Théâtre Français

Athinai (Athens)

• Dhimotikon Theatron Athinon

Barcelona

• Circo Barcelonés
• Gran Teatre del Liceu
• Gran Teatro del Liceo
• Liceu de Mont Sion
• Teatre de la Santa Creu
• Teatro de la Santa Cruz
• Teatre dels Camps Elisis
• Teatre Nou
• Teatre Principal

Bari

• Politeama Barese
• Politeama Petruzzelli
• Teatro Comunale Piccini
• Teatro del Sedile
• Teatro Margherita
• Teatro Petruzzelli

Bayreuth

• Festspielhaus
• Markgräfliches Opernhaus
• Stadthalle

Berlin

• Comödiensaal auf dem Schloße
• Deutsche Oper
• Deutsche Staatsoper
• Deutsches Opernhaus Charlottenburg
• Friedrich-Wilhelmstädtisches Theater
• Große Volksoper
• Hoftheater
• Komische Oper
• Königliche Oper
• (Königliches) Nationaltheater
• Königliches Theater
• Königstädtisches Theater
• Krolloper
• Schauspielhaus
• Staatsoper Unter den Linden
• Städtische Oper
• Stallplatz Theater
• Theater am Gendarmenmarkt
• Theater am Schiffbauerdamm
• Theater des Westens
• Viktoria-Theater
• Wallner-Theater

Bologna

• Teatro Comunale
• Teatro del Corso
• Teatro Contavalli
• Teatro Formagliari (also Teatro Zagnoni)
• Teatro Malvezzi
• Teatro del Pubblico (also Teatro della Sala)

Bratislava

• Grüner Stüble
• Nová Scéna
• Slovenské Narodné Divadlo
• Városi Színház

Braunschweig

• Hoftheater
• Landestheater
• Rathaus
• Staatstheater

Breslau see Wrocław

Bruxelles/Brussels

• Koniklijke Muntschouwburg
• Opéra du Quai aux Foins
• Théâtre des Fantaisies-Parisiennes
• Théâtre Molière
• Théâtre de la Monnaie
• Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie
• Théâtre du Parc
• Théâtre du Vaudeville

Bucureşti (Bucharest)

• Opera Română
• Teatrul Bossel
• Teatrul Cişmeaua Roşie
• Teatrul Momulo-Slătineanu
• Teatrul Naţional
• Theatrum Vlahicum Bucharestini

Budapest

• Erkel Színház
• Fővárosi Operettszínház
• Nemzeti Színház (Pest)
• Népopera
• Magyar Állami Operaház
• Magyar Királyi Operaház
• Magyar Színház (Pest)
• Pesti Népszínház
• Rondella (Pest)
• Városi Színház (Pest)
• Városi Színház
• Várszínház (Buda)
• Caserta
• Teatro S Leucio

Dresden

• Comödienhaus
• Kleines Hoftheater (also Morettisches Theater)
• Kleines Kurfürstliches Theater
• Königliches Sächsisches Hoftheater
• Kurfürstliches Theater
• Hoftheater
• Sächsisches Staatstheater
• Schauspielhaus am Schießhaus
• Semperoper
• Staatstheater
• Staatsoper
• Theater auf dem Linckeschen Bade

Dublin

• Crow Street Theatre
• Fishamble Street Theatre
• Gaiety Theatre
• Great Music Hall
• (New) Music Hall
• Smock Alley Theatre
• Theatre Royal in Hawkins Street

Edinburgh

• Canongate Theatre
• Corri’s Concert Rooms
• Empire Theatre
• Lyceum Theatre
• Playhouse Theatre
• Tailors Hall
• Theatre Royal

Ferrara

• Teatro Bonacossi (also Teatro S Stefano)
• Teatro Comunale
• Teatro degli Intrepidi (also Teatri di S Lorenzo)
• Teatro della Sala Grande (also Teatro Grande di Corte)
• Teatro Obizzi
• Teatro Scroffa

Firenze (Florence)

• Palla a Corda
• Regio Teatro degl’Intrepidi (detto della Palla a Corda)
• Teatro in Borgo Ognissanti
• Teatro di via del Cocomero
• Teatro nel Corso de’ Tintori
• Teatro della Pergola
• Teatro della Piazza Vecchia di S Maria Novella
• Teatro in via S Maria

Frankfurt am Main

• Alte Oper
• Komödienhaus
• Nationaltheater
• Oper Frankfurt
• Schauspielhaus
• Stadttheater

Genova

• Teatro Carlo Felice
• Teatro del Falcone (also Teatro Adorno)
• Teatro S Agostino

Glasgow

• Caledonian Theatre
• City Theatre
• Coliseum
• King’s Theatre
• Lyceum Theatre
• Royal Colosseum
• Theatre Royal

Göteborg

• Nya Teatern
• Sillgatan Teatern
• Stora Teatern

Hamburg

• Ackermannsches Komödienhaus
• Deutsches Theater
• Hamburgische Staatsoper
• Hamburgisches Deutsches Stadttheater
• Hamburgisches Staatstheater
• Hamburgisches Stadttheater
• Neues Stadttheater
• Stadttheater Altona
• Thalia-Theater
• Theater am Dammtor
• Theater am Gänsemarkt

Hannover (Hanover)

• Gartentheater (Herrenhausen)
• Großes Schloßtheater (Leineschloß)
• Kleines Schloßtheater (Leineschloß)
• Landestheater
• Niedersächsisches Staatstheater
• Städtisches Opernhaus

Helsinki

• Aleksanterinteatteri
• Suomalainen Ooppera
• Suomen Kansallisoopera

Innsbruck

• Ballhaus
• Kaiserliches und Königliches Hoftheater
• Komödienhaus
• Landestheater
• Stadttheater

Kassel

• Fürstliches Hoftheater
• Hoftheater
• Königliches Schauspiel Kassel
• Ottoneum
• Staatstheater Kassel
• Théâtre Royal

Kyjiv (Kiev)

• Kyjevs’kyj Deržavnyj Akademičnyj Teatr Opery ta Baletu imeni T. H. Ševcenka
• Teatr Russkoj Opery

København (Copenhagen)

• Danske Skueplads (Kongens Nytorv)
• Hofteater
• Kongelige Teater
• Nye Teater

Leipzig

• Altes Theater
• Carola-Theater
• Gewandhaus
• Kleines Haus
• Musikalische Komödie
• Neues Stadttheater
• Neues Theater
• Opernhaus auf dem Brühl
• Stadttheater
• Theater am Quandts Hof
• Theater am Rannstädter Tor
• Theater vor dem Grimma’schen Tor

Lemberg see L’viv

Lisboa (Lisbon)

• Casa de Opera
• Opera do Tejo
• Real Coliseu de Lisboa
• Recreios Wyttoyne
• Teatro do Bairro Alto
• Teatro Novo da Rua dos Condes
• Teatro de S Carlo
• Teatro de S Joao

Ljubljana

• Landestheater
• Slovensko Deželno Gledališže
• Ständisches Theater

London

• Adelphi Theatre
• Alhambra Theatre
• Cambridge Theatre
• Cliveden House
• Coliseum
• Covent Garden
• Daly’s Theatre
• Dorset Garden Theatre
• Drury Lane
• Duke’s Theatre
• English Opera House
• Gaiety Theatre
• Goodman’s Fields Theatre
• King’s Theatre in the Haymarket
• Lincoln’s Inn Fields Theatre
• Little Theatre in the Haymarket
• London Hippodrome
• London Opera House
• Lyceum
• Lyric Theatre
• Mermaid Theatre
• Old Vic
• Olympic Theatre
• Opera Comique
• Palace Theatre
• Pantheon
• Prince’s Theatre
• Princess’s Theatre
• Queen’s Theatre
• Regent Theatre
• Royalty Theatre
• Sadler’s Wells Theatre
• Savoy Theatre
• Scala Theatre
• Stoll Theatre

L’viv

• Bol’šoj Teatr
• L’vivs’kyj Deržavnyj Teatr Opery ta Baletu
• L’vivs’kyj Opernyj Teatr
• Städtisches Theater
• Teatr Wielki
• Velykyj Teatr Opery ta Baletu

Madrid

• Alcázar Palacio
• Coliseo del Buen Retiro
• Palacio Real Sitio de Aranjuez
• Teatro del Buen Retiro
• Teatro de los Caños del Peral
• Teatro del Príncipe
• Teatro Lírico
• Teatro Pardiñas
• Teatro Real

Malta/Valletta

• Manoel Theatre
• Royal Opera House
• Teatro Pubblico
• Teatro Real

Mannheim

• Hoftheater
• Nationaltheater

Milano (Milan)

• Politeama Ciniselli
• Regio Ducale
• Salone Margherita
• Teatrino della Commedia
• Teatro alla Scala (La Scala)
• Teatro della Cannobiana
• Teatro Carcano
• Teatro Dal Verme
• Teatro di Corte
• Teatro di S Radegonda
• Teatro Ducale
• Teatro Interinale
• Teatro Lentasio
• Teatro Lirico
• Teatro Manzoni
• Teatro Regio Ducale

Moskva (Moscow)

• Bol’šoj Teatr
• Kamernyj Opernyj Teatr
• Kreml’
• Moskovskaja Konservatorija
• Moskovskij Imperatorskij Teatr
• Opernaja Studija Bol’šogo Teatra
• Opernyj Teatr S. Mamontova
• Opernyj Teatr-Studija Stanislavskogo
• Teatr Forum
• Teatr Maddoksa (also “Petrovsky”)
• Teatr Šeremet’ev
• Teatr Solodovnikov

München (Munich)

• Bayerische Hofoper
• Bayerische Staatsoper
• Cuvilliestheater
• Isartortheater
• Königliches Hof- und Nationaltheater
• Opernhaus am Salvatorplatz
• Prinzregententheater
• Residenztheater
• Staatstheater am Gärtnerplatz

Napoli (Naples)

• Nobile Accademia di Dame e Cavalieri
• Casino del viceré a Posillipo
• Convento S Chiara
• La Fenice
• Goldoni
• Monastero S Agnello Maggiore
• Palazzo Reale
• Politeama napoletano
• Poveri di Gesù Cristo
• Real Teatro Mercadante
• Rossini
• Teatro dei Fiorentini
• Teatro S Bartolomeo
• Teatro S Carlo
• Teatro S Maria di Loreto
• Teatro S Maria della Pietà dei Turchini
• Teatro S Onofrio a Capuana
• Teatro Nuovo
• Teatro della Pace
• Teatro del Real Fondo di Separazione
• Teatro di Corte
• Teatro di Foggia

New York

• Academy of Music
• Astor Place Opera House
• Castle Garden Theatre
• City Center Theatre
• Italian Opera House
• John Street Theatre
• Manhattan Opera House
• Metropolitan Opera House
• Nassau Street Theatre
• New York City Opera
• Opera House
• Park Theatre

Nürnberg (Nuremberg)

• Fechthaus
• Komödienhaus
• Opernhaus
• Stadttheater am Ring

Oslo

• Christiana Teater
• Dramatiske Selskab
• Opéra Comique

Padova

• Teatrino del Prato della Valle
• Teatro degli Obizzi
• Teatro dello Stallone
• Teatro Nuovo
• Teatro Verdi

Palermo

• Anfiteatro Mangano
• Politeama Garibaldi
• Teatro Bellini
• Teatro Carolino
• Teatro della Corte del Pretore
• Teatro della Misericordia
• Teatro Marittimo
• Teatro Massimo
• Teatro S Cecilia
• Teatro S Ferdinando
• Teatro S Lucia
• Teatro Valguarnera

Paris

• Académie d’Opéra
• Académie Royale de Musique (also Opéra)
• Comédie-Italienne
• Foire Saint-Germain
• Grande Ecurie Versailles
• Hôtel de Bourgogne
• Jeu de Paume du Bel Air
• Jeu de Paume de Béquet
• Louvre
• Opéra
• Opéra Bastille
• Opéra-Comique
• Palais Garnier
• Palais Royal
• Salle de la Belle Cheminée Fontainebleau
• Salle de l’Odéon
• Salle des Machines Palais des Tuileries
• Salle des Menus-Plaisirs
• Salle du Théâtre Historique
• Salle du Théâtre Lyrique
• Salle Favart
• Salle Feydeau
• Salle Le Peletier
• Salle Louvois
• Salle Olympique
• Salle Ventadour
• Théâtre Favart
• Théâtre Feydeau
• Théâtre de la Gaîté
• Théâtre des Italiens
• Théâtre de la Porte Saint-Martin
• Théâtre de la Porte Saint-Denis
• Théâtre de la Société Olympique
• Théâtre du Châtelet
• Théâtre-Lyrique
• Théâtre National
• Théâtre Royal de l’Opéra-Comique
• Varietés

Parma

• Gran Teatro dei Farnese
• Nuovo Teatro Ducale
• Teatro del Collegio dei Nobili
• Teatro della (di) Corte
• Teatro Ducale
• Teatro Ponte d’Altaro
• Teatro inferiore
• Teatro della Racchetta
• Teatro Reggio
• Teatro Reinach
• Teatro di S Caterina
• Villa Douglas-Scotti

Philadelphia

• American Academy of Music
• Chestnut Street Theatre
• Grand Opera House
• Italian Opera House
• Metropolitan Opera House
• New Theatre
• Philadelphia Opera House
• Southwark Theatre

Piacenza

• Nuovo Teatro Ducale
• Palazza Gotico
• Palazzo Comunale
• Teatro del Collegio de’ Nobili
• Teatro delle Saline
• Teatro di Piazza
• Teatro Ducale Piccolo

Pisa

• Arena Federighi
• Arena Garibaldi
• Palazzo dei Consoli del Mare
• Regio Teatro Nuovo
• Stanzone delle Commedie
• Teatro dei Nobili Fratelli Prini
• Teatro Diurno
• Teatro Nuovo
• Teatro Pubblico

Praha (Prague)

• Clam-Gallas Palast
• Comoedia-Haus
• Eggenberg-Schwarzenberg Palast
• Kleine Bühne
• Kolovrat palác
• Kotzen Opera
• Královské Zemské České Divadlo
• Národní Divadlo
• Neues Deutsches Theater
• Nová Scéna
• Nové České Divadlo
• Novoměstské Divadlo
• Nostitzsches Nationaltheater
• Nuovo Teatro
• Prozatímní Divadlo
• Regnard Haus
• Smetanovo Divadlo
• Sporck Residenz
• Ständetheater
• Thun Palast
• Tylovo Divadlo
• U Hybernů Klášter
• Wallenstein Palast

Reggio Emilia

• Ariosto
• Politeama
• Teatro Comunitativo
• Teatro Croppi
• Teatro delle Commedie
• Teatro ‘dell’Illustrissimo Pubblico’
• Teatro Filodrammatico
• Teatro Municipale Valli
• Teatro Pubblico

Roma (Rome)

• Augusteo
• Clementino
• Palazzo Barberini
• Palazzo Colonna
• Palazzo Lancellotti
• Palazzo della Cancelleria
• Politeama Adriano
• Politeama Romano
• S Maria Maggiore
• Teatro Adriano
• Teatro alle Dame
• Teatro Alibert
• Teatro Apollo
• Teatro Argentina
• Teatro Cancelleria
• Teatro Capranica
• Teatro Costanzi
• Teatro delle Dame
• Teatro dell’Opera
• Teatro di Macerata
• Teatro Drammatico Nazionale
• Teatro Eretenio
• Teatro Granari
• Teatro Manzoni
• Teatro Ornani
• Teatro Pace
• Teatro Pallacorda
• Teatro Pioli
• Teatro Reale dell’Opera
• Teatro Sant’Angelo
• Teatro Saponari
• Teatro SS Apostoli
• Teatro Tordinona
• Teatro Valle

Salzburg

• Benediktiner Gymnasium
• Festspielhaus
• Fürstbischöfliches Hoftheater
• Heckentheater
• Kaiserlich Königliches Nationaltheater
• Landestheater
• Marionetten-Theater
• Mozarteum
• Stadttheater
• Steintheater Hellbrunn

St. Peterburg (St. Petersburg)

• Aleksandrinskij Teatr
• Bol’šoj Kamennyj Teatr (also Bol’šoj Teatr)
• Derevjannyj Teatr
• Gostinnyj dvor
• Malyj Derevjannyj Teatr
• Malyj Opernyj Teatr
• Malyj Teatr
• Mariinskij Teatr
• Narodnyj Dom
• Opernaja Studija Konservatorii
• Peterburgskaja Konservatorija
• Teatr Ėrmitaž
• Teatr imeni S. M. Kirova
• Teatr Kamennoj Ostrov
• Teatr Muzykal’noj Dramy
• Vol’nyj Teatr

Sevilla (Seville)

• Anfiteatro
• Teatro Cómico
• Teatro de S Eloy
• Teatro de S Fernando

Spoleto

• Teatro Cajo Melisso
• Teatro Lirico Sperimentale
• Teatro Nobile
• Teatro Nuovo

Stockholm

• Bollhuset
• Mindre Teatern
• Nya Svenska Teatern
• Oscarsteatern

Stuttgart

• Hoftheater
• Großes Haus
• Kleines Haus
• Kleines Schauspielhaus auf der Planie
• Komödienhaus
• Lusthaus
• Schloßtheater Ludwigsburg
• Württembergisches Staatstheater

Torino (Turin)

• Palazzo di S Giovanni - Salone delle Feste
• Politeama Chiarella
• Teatro Carignano
• Teatro Nazionale
• Teatro Regio
• Teatro Scribe
• Teatro di Torino
• Teatro Trincotto
• Teatro Vittorio Emanuele

Treviso

• Teatro Nuovo

Trieste

• Politeama Rossetti
• Teatro Comunale
• Teatro Comunale Giuseppe Verdi
• Teatro Grande
• Teatro Nuovo
• Teatro S Lorenzo
• Teatro di S Pietro

Valencia

• Botiga de la Balda
• Casa de la Cofradía de Zapateros
• Teatro Cómico
• Teatro de l’Olivera
• Teatro Principal
• Teatro Público

Valletta see Malta

Venezia (Venice)

• La Fenice
• Palazzo del Doge
• Palazzo Mocenigo
• Teatro ai Soloni
• Teatro Filarmonico
• Teatro Giustiniani
• Teatro S Angelo
• Teatro S Benedetto
• Teatro S Cassiano
• Teatro S Fantino
• Teatro S Giovanni Grisostomo
• Teatro S Girolamo
• Teatro S Luca
• Teatro S Moisè
• Teatro S Salvador
• Teatro S Samuele
• Teatro S Stefano
• Teatro SS Giovanni e Paolo (also Teatro S Zanipolo)
• Teatro di Apollo
• Teatro Goldoni
• Teatro Grimani
• Teatro Novissimo
• Teatro Sant’Apollinare
• Teatro Vendramin

Vicenza

• Politeama Comunale
• Teatro Castelli
• Teatro Diurno in Campo Marzio
• Teatro Eretenio
• Teatro delle Garzerie
• Teatro delle Grazie
• Teatro Nuovo
• Teatro Olimpico
• Teatro di Piazza
• Teatro Verdi

Warszawa (Warsaw)

• Komedia Muzyczna
• Państwowa Operetka
• Teatr Królewski
• Teatr Letni
• Teatr Narodowy
• Teatr Nowości
• Teatr Nowy
• Teatr Wielki
• Teatr Rozmaitości
• Warszawska Opera Kameralna

Wien (Vienna)

• Burgtheater
• Carltheater
• Favorita
• Großer und Kleiner Redoutensaal (Hofburg)
• Hofgarten
• Hofkapelle
• Hofoper
• Hoftheater
• Kärntnertortheater
• Landstraßer Theater
• Komische Oper am Schottentor
• Laxenburg
• Musikvereinssaal
• Nationaltheater
• Palais Schwarzenburg
• Raimundtheater
• Ring-Theater am Schottentor
• Schloß Schönbrunn
• Staatsoper
• Städtische Volksoper
• Theater an der Wien
• Theater auf der Wieden
• Theater in der Josefstadt
• Theater in der Leopoldstadt
• Wiener Kammeroper
• Wiener Volkstheater

Wrocław

• Opera Dolnośląska
• Operetka Dolnośląska
• Städtisches Theater
• Zwinger

Zagreb

• Hrvatsko Narodno Kazalište

11.6 – Frequently asked questions

Frequently asked questions

This section contains information about Muscat that is not related to the cataloging guidelines.

1. Where can I find tutorials about Muscat?

All of the tutorials are linked on the RISM Editorial Center’s Muscat page.

2. How can I contact other Muscat users?

You can contact the Muscat developers to report any errors, questions, comments, or suggestions to muscat@rism.info at any time.

RISM Muscat, a Google Group, is the official Muscat discussion list to which each Muscat user belongs. Official announcements from the Editorial Center and the Muscat developers are disseminated solely through this group. In addition, all Muscat users are encouraged to ask questions or raise topics for discussion. A Google account is not required.

There is also a discussion channel for the RISM community on Slack at:
https://rismcommunity.slack.com/

3. Is all secondary literature cited in Muscat at the Editorial Center?

No, only the literature labeled “HB” or “Handbibliothek” or “RISM-ZR” in an internal note (599 $a) is actually in the Editorial Center office. These materials are for the benefit of all RISM contributors, so if we have a publication that you would like to consult, let us know and we will try to get you what you need. Even if you are interested in a publication we do not have in the office, let us know and we can try to help you gain access to it.

4. What do I do if I forget my password or want to change it?

Contact the Editorial Center if you lose your password. You can change your password by clicking on your user name (in the upper right-hand corner of Muscat).

5. Can I show Muscat to my colleagues? Can I demonstrate Muscat at conferences or in workshops?

Yes, you are welcome to do so. A training version of Muscat is available for exactly these purposes at https://muscat-training.rism.info. All Muscat users can login there with their personal credentials. There are also 99 training accounts (“training01@rism.info” to “training99@rism.info”) available for individual users. Any of these training accounts can be used. Contact the RISM Editorial Center for the current password. Anything on the training version can be added or edited. It is updated with the current Muscat data on a regular basis, so practice records on the training server are be deleted after these updates. New records or changes on the training server are not transferred to the main Muscat program.

6. In the modification history, what does it mean if “[system]” is listed as the author?

This is a system edit. You might see a system edit if one of the indexed fields linked to your record was changed. The change in the authority record will register as a change in your record. Changes undertaken by maintenance scripts are also registered as system edits.

7. Where are Muscat records published?

Muscat records that have the publication status published appear in the RISM Catalog, developed by the Bavarian State Library (Munich, Germany), and RISM Online, developed by the RISM Digital Center (Bern, Switzerland).

Outside of Muscat, published Muscat records are available through RISM’s SRU downloader, the RISM Catalog’s “Show MARCXML” link on any record, the RISM Catalog’s monthly data dump, and RISM Online’s API.

8. When do Muscat records appear in the public catalogs?

Muscat records are sent for publication in the RISM Catalog once a month, at around the 19th of each month. Records are then visible a few days later. RISM Online is updated once a day with records from Muscat.

9. What if a source in RISM is no longer in the hands of the holding institution indicated in the RISM record?

Use the siglum XX-NN for situations in which the current location of a source is unknown, such as if it was on deposit at an institution but the source was taken back and is now in private hands. This happens only rarely. Contact the Editorial Center if a source needs this siglum.

10. What are the technical requirements for Muscat?

• Muscat is platform independent and works on both Macs and PCs.
• Access is through a URL and requires an Internet connection.
• Muscat works best on screens that are at least 1366 x 768 pixels.
• Muscat is optimized for Firefox and Chrome. Do not use Internet Explorer!

11. What are some technical aspects about Muscat?

• Muscat is open source. The source code is available in the GitHub repository.
• Muscat is a Ruby on Rails application.
• Verovio is used to render the music incipits through MEI.
• Solr is used as a search engine.
• Muscat has an SRU service and an SRU downloader to retrieve MARCXML records.
• Muscat supports Unicode (UTF-8).
• Versioning allows catalogers to view changes made to records.

More information about the development of Muscat can be found on RISM Digital Center’s website.

11.7 – How do I … Tips & Tricks

How do I …? Tips & tricks

1. How can I add images to a record?

Small images such as watermarks, handwriting samples, or bindings can be attached to the record directly from the editing mode: click on Attach a new image on the menu on the right. See the section Digital objects for more details.

Images such as digitized resources should only be added as URLs that link to the holding repository. These are added in the field External resource (856).

2. How can I change the order of fields in my record?

It’s quite simple: just click on the arrow and drag up or down. Any repeatable field (designated by a + sign) can be organized this way, such as items in a collection, incipits, names, instruments, notes, etc.

3. How can I add special characters?

Muscat supports Unicode (UTF-8), so make sure than any special characters are Unicode compliant. See, for example, unicode-table.com for Unicode characters.

4. How can I create and use folders?

Folders can be created from any of the search pages for sources or authorities in Muscat. Folders can aid searching, and folders can be used to perform bulk actions through the Folder view. Folder sizes are limited to 25,000 records.

Creating and adding to folders

There are two ways to create folders. From the search page, select records by checking the box on the left next to each record. Under Batch actions above the list of records on the upper left, click on Create folder with items. Name the folder and click OK. From Batch actions you can also add records to an existing folder. This method enables up to 100 records (the maximum number of results on a search page) to be added to a new or existing folder. The record selection is preserved only on the current page of results.

The second way to create a folder is to perform any search and then look for the Actions list on the right-hand side of the page. By clicking on Add all to a new folder, all results from the search will be added to a new folder. Name the folder and save. By clicking on Add all to an existing folder, you can select the folder from the list of folders. This method enables up to 25,000 records (a folder’s maximum size) to be added to a folder.

Searching with folders

On the search page, the filters include a drop-down menu called Is in folder. Select your folder to limit results to records that are only in that folder.

Performing bulk actions

On the main Folders page, you can click View to view the contents of any folder, Edit to change the name of your folders, and Delete to delete the folder. (The records in the folder will not be deleted.)

When viewing your folder, the Publish button will change the status of the records from unpublished to published. You can also Export the contents of the folder as MARCXML or a CSV file, which is sent by email. Validate runs the records through Muscat’s standard validation and the report is sent by email.

Managing folders

Muscat folders are visible to all Muscat users. Links to folders can be sent to other catalogers. Folders expire after six months, but the expiration date can be reset in the folder view.

5. How can I export records from Muscat?

There are several ways retrieve Muscat records in various formats. Single records can be viewed in XML format by appending .xml to any record’s URL in the full record view or by clicking the Show XML button from the menu on the right-hand side of the page. The MARC21 format can be displayed by clicking the Show MARC21 button from the menu. You can also create a folder of records and export them in MARCXML or CSV format (see question 4, above).

6. How can I check for errors in older records?

When viewing one of your own folders, click the Validate items link. You will receive an email with a list of validation errors found.

7. How can I include more complex music incipits with my records?

If you create a music incipit with an external program (such as a full score in Sibelius) and convert it to MEI, the MEI file can be uploaded to Muscat. Currently, only the Editorial Center can do this; contact us for assistance. This will be displayed as an image in the online catalog. A separate Plaine & Easie incipit must be made in order for the incipit to be searchable.

8. How can I delete a record?

Only the Editorial Center can delete a record. Notify the RISM Editorial Center if you need to delete a record, including holdings information.

9. What if my record is in the wrong template?

Templates can be changed, but only the Editorial Center can do this. Notify the RISM Editorial Center if you need the template of a record to be switched.

11.8 – RISM best practices

RISM Best Practices

This section outlines best practices when cataloging for RISM; that is, conventions that are not codified in the guidelines but nevertheless contribute to sound, reliable, and transparent records.

1. Free text fields and indexed fields

If you name a person or institution in your record (such as in a notes field), make sure to also enter the name in the indexed fields Additional personal name (700) or Additional institution (710).

The same applies for citing secondary literature: if you refer to a publication in a notes field, make sure to also enter it in the field Bibliographic reference (691).

Conversely, make sure that the relevance of an indexed name or institution is clear, such as through an explanation in a notes field.

2. Citing secondary literature

Information that is not found on the source may be included in the RISM record, but the secondary literature should be cited. For example, if the composer of a manuscript is known through a journal article, or if the publication year for a printed edition is given in a published study on the publisher, the source of the information should be made clear through a General note (500) and indexed in the field Bibliographic reference (691).

3. URLs and links to external resources

Always use permalinks, in particular when linking to digitized music in the field External resource (856).

If you want to link to a website, do not enter the URL in a notes field. Rather, enter the resource as a bibliographic reference. This is done by entering it in the Secondary literature authority. Then, link to it in the field Bibliographic reference (691) and refer to it by its short title in a notes field. This provides users with access to complete bibliographic information, and if the URL changes then an update is only needed once through the Secondary literature database.

For books found on Google Books or other online repositories, always create a bibliographic record in the Secondary literature authority for the book itself and not the repository; that is, cite the book and not Google Books.

For databases cited as secondary literature, as a convenience for our users you may cite the database in the Bibliographic reference (691) field and then provide a direct link to the entry in the database through the External resource (856) field.

If you wish to refer to a musical source that is digitized but not in RISM, contact the RISM Editorial Center to discuss having the source added.

4. Making identifications

Frequently, important information—such as names of composers or titles of pieces—is not always named on the source itself. It is sometimes possible to make identifications based on the secondary literature, reference sources, other RISM records, or archival sources. If you draw upon such resources, always be clear in the record about what you used to make the identification: name the resource or source in RISM (with siglum, shelfmark, and RISM ID number) in a General note (500) and add a Bibliographic reference (691) if appropriate. Make sure it is clear for later RISM users how you came to your conclusions. More detailed, explanatory information not relevant for the public can be included in an Internal note (599) if needed.

5. Creating records based on descriptions from printed catalogs or online library catalogs

Sometimes it is not possible to access the source in person and the only description available is in a printed catalog, catalog of works, or online library catalog. Such descriptions may be used as the basis of a RISM record. When doing so:

• Include a General note (500) that identifies the source of information, such as “Record based on description in YouV”
• Link to the source of information in the field Catalog of works (690), Bibliographic reference (691), or External resource (856) as appropriate
• In the field Record origin (980), subfield Material examined, select Material not examined

6. The shared cataloging environment of printed music

Bibliographic records for printed editions exist in a shared cataloging environment where multiple libraries have editing rights to the same record. This differs from manuscripts, which are unique to the holding library. Due to the shared environment, care must be taken so that the implications of adding or deleting information from core bibliographic records is thought through.

Catalogers should not remove information from the core record if it is correct. Administrative information is stored in the records that can explain decisions made by the Editorial Center and the relationship to other records. Do not delete or edit data in the fields Initial entry in A/I (775), Local number (035), or RISM series (510). Never delete a note that indicates that a record was merged with another record.

If a record has already been revised by another working group (evident by the presence of a library’s siglum and shelfmark in the field Source of description note (588)), use cataloger’s judgement as to whether further revision is necessary. If you make further changes, make it clear in the note what revisions you contributed.

If your copy is incomplete, revisions might still be possible, but make it clear in the Source of description note (588) that your copy is incomplete.

If you wish to edit a record that was previously described using an incomplete copy, it must first be ensured that the accurate material information is preserved in the holdings record of the library with the incomplete copy. The Editorial Center can assist with transferring data to holdings records.

11.9 – Technical errors

Technical problems

1. Things aren’t working!

Do not despair! If you are having problems, first always make sure you have the most recent version of Firefox or Chrome; you might need to update your browser. Then, try clearing the cache. There are several ways to do this, depending on your computer:

• Hold down the Shift key and left-click the Reload button
• Press “Ctrl + F5” or press “Ctrl + Shift + R” (Windows, Linux)
• Press “Command + Shift + R” (Mac)

2. I can’t save my work.

Make sure you are using either Firefox or Chrome. Internet Explorer will not let you save anything!

3. The fields stretch all the way across a page and cut into other text.

This might be a screen resolution issue. Muscat works best on screens that are at least 1366 x 768 pixels. Other resolutions might lead to display issues.

4. I can’t scroll down the screen.

This also might be a screen resolution issue. See #3, above.

5. My screen is gray and all I see is an hourglass.

This happens when you are searching in the indexes and have switched windows or tabs. Check to see if another window is open. From that window, navigate back to the main screen.

6. My incipit seems to have stalled.

Try clicking the “refresh” arrows next to the music staff, or save your record and try entering the incipit again.

7. I get the error message: “Error saving page: this is a stale version”

This means that while you were editing, someone else also began editing the record and saved before you did, or perhaps you edited the record in a different tab. Try to remember your changes (take a screenshot), close the record, and open it again.