7 – Institutions

Institutions

The authority file for institutions (corporate names) describes non-persons that appear in connection with a source or other authority record in Muscat. This authority file contains both modern institutions (such as a library with a RISM library siglum) and historical corporate bodies (such as a publisher or an orchestra).

Institutions with RISM sigla are closely associated with RISM’s Series C, the Directory of Music Research Libraries. The Directory is anchored in RISM’s objective to document the locations of musical sources worldwide. Series C provides descriptions of these holding institutions, whether libraries, archives, museums, churches, or private collections, as well as any institution with materials that support historical music research. Each institution in Series C has a RISM siglum, or an abbreviation, that makes it possible to concisely refer to the institution.

The information from Series C is published on the RISM website in the Directory of RISM Library Sigla, in the RISM Catalog, and in RISM Online.

Thanks to cooperation with two IAML initiatives, the Project Group on the Access to Music Archives and the Project Group on RISM Series C, the descriptions of institutions in Muscat are compatable with the International Standard for Describing Institutions with Archival Holdings (ISDIAH) and models such as the Library Reference Model (LRM)/FRBR and Resource Description and Access (RDA).

National branches of IAML as well as RISM national groups can be involved in updating the institutions. This collaboration results in a powerful tool to locate music libraries, archives and documentation centers as well as their archival holdings.

7.1 – Numbers and code fields

7.1.1 – Authority reference

Authority reference (024)

The field Authority reference is used to record the standard number or code or URI associated with the institution.

Authority reference (024 $a)

Enter the alphanumeric code used to identify the institution. The code is taken from the authority data of the creating agency. Examples of the formatting are given below.

Terms of availability (024 $c)

Enter the terms of availability and/or qualifying information about availability.

Additional codes following the standard number or code (024 $d)

Enter any optional digits carried to the right of the number or code.

Qualifying information (024 $q)

Enter a brief statement of qualifying information concerning the item associated with a number being recorded in subfield $a or $z.

Canceled/invalid standard number or code (024 $z)

Enter a canceled or invalid standard number or code.

Authority record control number or standard number (024 $0)

Enter a machine actionable and parsable URI that identifies a name or label for the institution.

Real world object URI (024 $1)

Enter the URI that identifies the institution.

Source of number or code (024 $2)

Enter the agency that created the standard number or code. Select from the following:

• ISIL: International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organisations
• BNE: Biblioteca Nacional de España
• BNF: Bibliothèque nationale de France
• Example: ark:/12148/cb12229245w
• DNB: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
• ICCU: Istituto centrale per il Catalogo unico delle biblioteche italiane e per le informazioni bibliografiche
• ISNI: International Standard Name Identifier
• LC: Library of Congress
• NLP: Biblioteka Narodowa
• NKC: Národní knihovna České republiky
• SWNL: Schweizerische Nationalbibliothek/Bibliothèque nationale suisse/Biblioteca nazionale svizzera
• VIAF: Virtual International Authority File
• WKP: Wikidata (Wikipedia)
• MOC: MARC Organization Code

Linkage (024 $6)

Enter data that links fields that are different script representations of each other.

Field link and sequence number (024 $8)

Enter data that identifies linked fields.

Obsolete procedures: In earlier versions of Muscat, the GND (DNB) code appeared in 035. This was removed in 2016 and integrated into 024.

7.1.2 – Cataloging agency

Cataloging agency (040)

The field Cataloging source indicates the organization that created the original record.

Cataloging language (040 $b)

Indicate your cataloging language. Select from the following.

• English
• French
• German
• Italian
• Portuguese
• Spanish

7.1.3 – Country code

Country code (043)

The field Country code is used for the country in which the institution is located.

Country code (043 $c)

Select the country from the list.

7.1.4 – Location

Location (034)

The field Location is for the latitude and longitude of an institution. On Google Maps, the coordinates are displayed when you right-click on the institution and select “What’s here.”

Latitude (034 $f)

Enter the latitude of the institution.

Longitude (034 $d)

Enter the longitude of the institution.

Examples

• Latitude: 42.0515515

• Longitude: -87.6735541

• Latitude: 50.120565
• Longitude: 8.652714

7.2 – Identity area

7.2.1 – Siglum

Siglum (094)

The field Siglum is for the unique, unalterable RISM library siglum. Sigla are assigned by the RISM Editorial Center in consultation with the RISM national working groups.

RISM has been using library sigla since its foundation in 1952 in all of its publications and catalogs. They are also used in all of the standard international music encyclopedias and in musicological publications.

Obsolete procedures and MARC export note: Previously the siglum for an institution was stored in the 110 $g field. This was changed to a dedicated field in 2024 to allow former sigla to be tracked within the same field. The siglum in 094 $a is copied to 110 $g upon saving.

Siglum (094 $a)

Enter the RISM siglum. Sigla are made up of three elements: a country abbreviation, a city abbreviation, and an institution abbreviation. The abbreviations for the country and city are always capitalized and the abbreviation for the institution is always lowercase. The country code is separated from the other details by a hyphen. The code for the country is taken from the list of international vehicle registration codes maintained by the United Nations. City and institution codes are assigned by the RISM Editorial Center.

If an institution has changed its name it keeps the same siglum.

In general, if a library collection is moved to a new host institution the sources are not assigned a new institution, and thus the siglum of the now-subsumed library will remain. An entry is added to the institution record under the 580 “Now in” field pointing to the institution record of the new host. This is evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

In the case of private collections, the last name of the owner is added to the city code in lowercase letters. Double last names are written together, without a space.

Examples

• GB-Cu = United Kingdom, Cambridge, University Library
• F-Pn = France, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Département de la Musique
• CZ-Bu = Czech Republic, Brno, Moravská zemská knihovna v Brně (formerly the Universitní knihovna)
• I-PEbattisti = Italy, Perugia, Biblioteca privata Renzo Battisti

Obsolete procedures: In some cases, the institution abbreviation was omitted (example: D-B), especially if the institution was prominent within the city. Today, an institution abbreviation is always included in a siglum.

Former siglum (094 $z)

Enter the former RISM siglum. Occasionally, due to geopolitical events or the need for clarification, an institution will be assigned a new siglum. To facilitate cross-references with the former siglum, the old sigla are added to this field. Sigla are only reassigned by the RISM Editorial Center.

Examples

• I-RVat = The former siglum for the Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, now V-CVbav.
• J-Tn = The former siglum for Nanki Ongaku Bunko, now J-WAn.

Qualifying information (094 $q)

The term siglum is automatically added to this field.

Source of number or code (094 $2)

The term rism is automatically added to this field.

7.2.2 – Institution

Institution (110; ISDIAH 5.1.2)

The field Institution is for an authorized access point that uniquely identifies the institution.

Institution (110 $a)

Enter the current name of the institution in the local language. If the local language is in a non-Latin alphabet, write it in transliterated form.

When libraries, archives or documentation centers belong to a larger institution, enter the name of the larger institution first and add the subordinate unit separated by a comma.

Examples

• Privatsammlung Cees Verheijen
• Private collection Christopher Hogwood
• Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru
• Norges musikkhøgskole, Biblioteket
• ERESBIL - Musikaren Euskal Artxiboa
• Gosudarstvennaja publičnaja istoričeskaja biblioteka Rossi

Subordinate unit (110 $b)

Enter the name of the subordinate unit of the institution.

Place (110 $c)

Enter the city of the institution. If the original language is in a non-Latin alphabet, write it in transliterated form.

7.2.3 – Parallel form of name

Parallel form of name (510; ISDIAH 5.1.3)

The field Parallel form of name gives various forms of an institution’s name, including translations. Relationships to other institutions can also be recorded here.

Parallel form of name (510 $a)

Enter various forms in which the authorized form of name of an institution occurs as well as translations of the name in other languages, preferably in English. Original names in non-Latin scripts can also be entered here. Enter each name in a separate field.

Examples

• The National Library of Wales
  For Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru
• Norwegian State Academy of Music, Library
  For Norges musikkhøgskole, Biblioteket
• ERESBIL - Archivo Vasco de la Música
  For ERESBIL - Musikaren Euskal Artxiboa
• ERESBIL - Basque Archives of Music
  for ERESBIL - Musikaren Euskal Artxiboa
• Государственный центральный музей музыкальной культуры им. М. И. Глинки

Control subfield (510 $w)

Select a term from the drop-down menu that describes the kind of name.

Select from the following:

• Acronym [d]
• Broader term [g]
• Earlier heading [a]
• Immediate parent body [t]
• Later heading [b]
• Musical composition [f]
• Narrower term [h]
• Not applicable [n]
• Reference instruction phrase in subfield $i [i]
• Relationship designation in $i or $4 [r]

Relationship information (510 $i)

Enter a term to describe the relationship of the name to the main heading. Use the vocabulary as determined by the RDA Agent Properties. Commonly used terms include:

• Hierarchical superior
• Hierarchical subordinate
• Predecessor of corporate body
• Successor of corporate body
• Founding family of corporate body
• Corporate body member of corporate body
• Corporate body member of family
• Absorbed corporate body

7.2.4 – Other form of name

Other form of name (410; ISDIAH 5.1.4)

The field Other form of name is for any other name for the institution not given elsewhere.

Other form of name (410 $a)

Enter other forms of the name of the institution, including popular or non-official other names. This could include other forms of the same name, acronyms, names used in older publications (such as RISM volumes), or changes of name over time, including, if possible, relevant dates. Enter each name on a separate line.

Examples

• Parry Room Library
  For Royal College of Music Library
• Wolfson Lending Library
  For Royal College of Music Library
• Musik-Konservatoriets Bibliotek
  For Norges musikkhøgskole, Biblioteket
• Gosudarstvennïy Istoricheskïyi Muzei
  For Gosudarstvennaja publičnaja istoričeskaja biblioteka Rossii
• ERESBIL - Euskal Ereslarien Bilduma [1974-2000] For ERESBIL - Musikaren Euskal Artxiboa
• ERESBIL - Archivo de Compositores Vascos [1974-2000] For ERESBIL - Musikaren Euskal Artxiboa

7.2.5 – Type of institution

Type of institution (368; ISDIAH 5.1.5)

The field Type of institution records other attributes of the institution.

Type of institution (368 $a)

Enter the type of institution. Select from the following types:

• Archive
• Bookseller
• Congress
• Copyist
• Documentation center
• Institution
• Library
• Museum
• Other
• Papermaker
• Performer
• Printer
• Publisher
• Research institute

Type of jurisdiction (368 $b)

Enter the type of jurisdiction associated with the institution.

Examples

• County
• Village

Other designation (368 $c)

Enter a designation here if not found in the previous fields in this section.

Source of term (368 $2)

Enter the source of the terms used.

7.2.6 – Now in

Now in (580)

The field Now in is used if the holdings of an institution have been transferred to another institution.

Now in (580 $x)

Enter the name of the current holding institution here. This field is linked to the Institutions authority file through $0.

Example

• D-WÜd

Obsolete procedures This field duplicated the field “Holdings now in” (373$a), which was removed with Muscat version 6.1.

7.3 – Contact area

7.3.1 – Associated place

Associated place (370)

The field Associated place is used to record a place associated with the institution.

Associated country (370 $c)

Enter the country with which the institution is identified.

Place of residence/headquarters (370 $e)

Enter the town, city, province, state, locale, and/or country in which the institution has its headquarters or carries out its activities.

Other associated place (370 $f)

Enter other or additional town, city, province, state, and/or country associated with the institution.

Source of term (370 $2)

Enter the source of the terms used.

7.3.2 – Location and address

Location and address (371; ISDIAH 5.2.1)

The field Location and address gives the addresses of the institution, both physical and electronic.

Enter information in the following fields. Adjust the format of the information appropriate to the country’s postal conventions.

• Street address (371 $a): The street and number as well as additions to the address like story, room, or name of building (for example, 1st floor, Room 569, Palazzo ducale)
• City (371 $b)
• County, province, state (371 $c)
• Country (371 $d)
• Postal code (371 $e)
• Email (371 $m; ISDIAH 5.2.2): Enter the email address necessary to contact the institution.
• URL (371 $u): Use the official web address of the institution. If this is not possible, enter the official website of the larger institution to which it belongs. It is not recommended to enter blogs or social networking sites.
• Start period (371 $s): The starting date associated with the address of the institution.
• End period (371 $t): The end date associated with the address of the institution.
• Source of information (371 $v): The source where the information recorded in this field was found if not through a URI.
• Public note (371 $z): Enter additional contact information.

In accordance with ISDIAH guidelines, the following can also be entered in 371 $z:

• Telephone number (ISDIAH 5.2.2)
• Fax number (ISDIAH 5.2.2)
• Contact person (ISDIAH 5.2.3): It is useful to have the email of a contact person, especially for institutions that do not specialize in music, such as administrative or religious archives.

7.3.3 – Field of activity

Field of activity (372)

The field Field of activity is used to enter the area in which the institution is engaged, its area of competence, responsibility, etc. The field is repeated if the institution has multiple fields of activity for different time periods.

Field of activity (372 $a)

Enter the field of activity in which the institution is or was engaged.

Example

• Music–Instruction and study

Source of term (372 $2)

Enter the code that identifies the source of a controlled vocabulary term for the field of activity.

Example

• lcsh

7.4 – Description area

7.4.1 – History of institution

History of institution (678; ISDIAH 5.3.1)

The field History of institution provides a concise history of the institution.

History of institution (678 $a)

Enter a short history of the institution.

7.4.2 – Literature

Literature (670; ISDIAH 5.6.8)

The field Literature lists the sources consulted in creating the description, including those that support the form of the name in the field Authorized form of name (110 $a). It can also serve as a general bibliography for the institution’s collections.

Literature (670 $a)

Enter the short title of the source. This field is linked to the Secondary literature database through $0.

Entering and updating the bibliography included in the second edition of RISM Series C is recommended but not required. If no bibliography exists, naming the essential sources is sufficient.

Source citation (670 $9)

Enter a citation for a published work or a description of any source or action that provided information about the heading of the institution.

Information found (670 $b)

Enter the number, page number(s), or information found.

URI (670 $u)

Enter the URI consulted.

7.4.3 – General note

General note (680)

The field General note is to enter other notes on description.

General note (680 $a)

Enter additional notes that describe the institution, such as:

• Any changes to the RISM library siglum
• Classification of the collection, such as “Collection in GB-Lbl”
• Online repository: URL of the digital repository of the institution

In accordance with ISDIAH guidelines, the following can also be entered here:

• Records management and collecting policies (ISDIAH 5.3.5): Enter information about the collecting policies of the institution. Indicate whether the repository seeks to acquire materials by transfer, gift, purchase, and/or loan.
• Archival and other holdings (ISDIAH 5.3.7): Enter the names of the fonds and collections. Start each name on a new line. Use the name as used by the holding institution. In the case of personal fonds, it is recommended to add in square brackets the dates of birth and death of the person in question. If there are lists or URLs with the information about the collections or fonds of a specific institution, provide the URL.
• Opening times (ISDIAH 5.4.1): Provide information on opening times and dates of annual closures. Include this information if it is not readily available online.
• Conditions and requirements for access and use (ISDIAH 5.4.2)
• Reproduction services (ISDIAH 5.5.2)

Examples

• Joachim, Joseph (1831-1907) (Royal College of Music, Library)
• Andrée-Stenhammararkivet
• Telemann, Georg Michael
• Fonds Montpensier
• Collection Camille Saint-Saëns
• Dallapiccola, Luigi, compositore (Pisino, 1904 – Firenze, 1975)

7.4.4 – External resource

External resource (856; ISDIAH 5.3.8)

The field External resource provides relevant URLs for the institution. In accordance with ISDIAH guidelines, it can provide a general overview of the published and/or unpublished finding aids and guides prepared by the institution and any other relevant publications.

External resource URL (856 $u)

Enter the URL. Only enter one URL per field. All URLs must begin with http or https.

Note about external resource (856 $z)

Enter a short description of the URL.

7.4.5 – Related place

Related place (551)

The field Related place is used to record the location of the institution in 110 $c in standardized form.

Place (551 $a)

Enter the city, village, town, etc. This field is linked to the Places index through $0.

Example

• Aigen-Schlägl
  For the RISM library siglum record A-SCH

7.4.6 – Related institution

Related institution (710)

The field Related institution gives cross-references to other libraries or institutions that are related to the institution.

Institution (710 $a)

Enter the related institution. This field is linked to the Institutions authority file through $0.

7.4.7 – Related personal name

Related personal name (700)

The field Related personal name is for personal names related to the institution.

Name (700 $a)

Enter the name of the person related to the institution. For example, with private collections you may enter the name of the owner. This field is linked to the Personal names authority file through subfield $0. The life dates are displayed in $d.

Function (700 $4)

Enter the function of the person.

7.5 – Control fields

7.5.1 – Leader

Leader (000)

Do not change.

The field Leader consists of data elements that contain numbers or coded values that define the parameters for the processing of the record. It is automatically generated.

7.5.2 – RISM ID number

RISM ID number (001)

The field RISM ID number is the permanent RISM identifier for the record. This number is automatically generated and cannot be changed.

7.5.3 – Control number identifier

Control number identifier (003)

The field Control number identifier gives the code for the agency whose system control number is contained in the field RISM ID number (001). For new records, this is always RISM, so the ISIL code for RISM is automatically generated: DE-633

7.5.4 – Date and time of last transaction

Date and time of last transaction (005; ISDIAH 5.6.6)

The field Date and time of latest transaction indicates the last time a record was changed. It consists of sixteen characters that specify the date and time of the latest record transaction and serve as a version identifier for the record. The data and time are given according to Representation of Dates and Times (ISO 8601) in the pattern yyyymmdd and hhmmss.f. The field is automatically generated.

7.5.5 – Date of creation

Date of creation (008; ISDIAH 5.6.6)

The field Date of creation shows the date that the record was created. This field is automatically generated.

7.5.6 – Internal note

Internal note (667; ISDIAH 5.6.9)

The field Internal note is used for information not intended for public display. Internal notes are not published in the public RISM catalogs or available in the RISM open data.

Internal note (667 $a)

Enter local notes for internal use, including for use within your own working group. Any language may be entered here. Internal notes can be used for remarks of all kinds, such as questions, comments, or research to be done. Delete notes after they have served their purpose. It is best practice to sign your note using your initials and the date.

In accordance with ISDIAH 5.6.9, notes can be entered here that are pertinent to the creation and maintenance of the description. For example, the names of people responsible for creating and/or revising the description may be entered here. Furthermore, this field documents additional information relating to the creation of and changes to the description.

MARC export note: The number of Sources that are linked to an institution in Muscat are exported to the field 667 $a, for example: Published sources: 6